2. MATRICI MAFIOSE a.

Analysis of the criminal phenomenon of 'ndrangheta The 'ndrangheta, born as a malavitous order of ritual type essentially and exclusively Calabrian, has long crossed the regional borders, becoming a criminal network capable of acting with great ease in the most diversified contexts, with an accelerated vocation towards the economic, financial and entrepreneurial sectors.

The exponential growth of transnational delittuosity, which finds in drug trafficking the most immediate expression of illegal gain, has given a macrocriminal added value to the mafia clans and the locals present in Italy and abroad.

One of the most significant realities of the second post-war period of Calabria was the delinquency of multi-subjective matrix that, despite the social subdevelopment, managed to secure power and resources thanks also to the exploitation of clientele of substantial public funding of territorial support.

The 'ndrangheta in the past has been able to benefit from a systematic undervaluation as a phenomenon that has allowed it to organize and develop in such a powerful way.

For an organism lived until that moment of intermediation, the second half of the past century brought epochal changes, since from consolidated mediation it turned towards research and unbridled accumulation of wealth and capital.

It was that, in the end, the era in which the criminal compañeros of Calabria have conquered new economic spaces, managing revenues in various forms of legal activity and not, besides giving way to the business community enterprise-political-institutional- occult agencies, while the agrarian latifondo was abandoned, after having constituted the major resource of the Calabrian mafia families.

The 'ndrangheta is hierarchically organized and at the top stands the "province" or the "crime", superordinated, in the Province of Reggio Calabria, to those that are indicated as "mandaments", that insist on the three geographically identifiable macro-areas in the "ionic", "tirrenic" and "center" area within which the c.d.

"local" and "'ndrine", as in the remaining provinces of Calabria and in the projection regions. A mafia whose structure finds its strength in fidelity to origins, to tradition, to the family-like arrangement that prevented its transformation into a multinational axitic of crime.

But at the same time an organization characterized by maximum flexibility, high operational capacity with a remarkable financial and business intuition, becoming over time, a globalized reality for the competitive ability expressed also in the international markets of the illegal.

A unitary structure with a summit organ that appears at the same time modern and archaic, since it makes ancient rules, degrees, practices, formulas, oaths, burnt saints and blood intrigues, an element of solid cohesion, in which every sodale is recognized and perceived as unicum.

Recent police operations have also confirmed the role of power assumed by female figures in business management, in the absence of husbands and fathers in prison status (operation "Hybris"1, operation "Blu Night"2, operation "Revolve"3).

Proc. 4194/2020 RGNR – 2586/2021 RG GIP DDA – 21/2022 ROCC DDA.

Proc. pen. 3302/2019 RGNR – 2848/21 RG GIP – 1/2022 ROCC DDA.

Proc. pen. 6754/2013 RGNR – 4424/2014 RG GIP – 34/2021 ROCC DDA.

activity carried out and results achieved from Investment Directorate Antimativaa

Half-yearly report TO PARLIAMENT The 'ndrangheta today proposes, with incalciating rhythms, particularly threatening for the economic and democratic order, as a highly equipped, modern, multipurpose and polycentric system, capable of grasping, or creating, any economic and/or financial impulse capable of facilitating the operations of money laundering (money laundering of money) and re-use of goods and other utilities of unlawful origin.

The availability of large capital deriving from the relevant role of the 'ndrangheta in international traffic, combined with a strong management capacity of the different segments and traffic snodes, allowed the same to consolidate relations with the most important international criminal networks.

The importance that covers the port of Gioia Tauro (RC), in the within of the dynamics that affect the field of narcotics and the consequent interest nourished from the mafia clans towards this port of call for the enormous potential of enrichment that derive from it, make of the 'ndrangheta a partner of solid reliability for the homologue criminal organizations of the Center and of South America, supply of the so many amazing substance,

In recent years, West Africa has also become for the mafia clans of 'ndrangheta, an increasingly important stage for its traffic. In particular, Ivory Coast, Guinea-Bissau and Ghana were the first countries to end up in the field of mafias, becoming crucial logistic bases for narcos.

Libya4 is also recently added to these countries.

Similar considerations apply to the United States and Canada5, where the criminal infiltration of the 'ndrangheta appears now, as demonstrated, in the matter of international traffic of drugs from police operations conducted in recent years.

'ndrangheta's capacity to report continues to emerge from the ongoing processes.

A tal proposito si segnalano gli esiti del processo "'Ndrangheta stragista", in grado d'appello, al termine del quale, il 25 marzo 2023, la Corte d'Assise d'appello di Reggio Calabria, ha emesso sentenza con la quale è stata confermata la pronuncia di primo grado contro due imputati, già condannati all'ergastolo per l'omicidio di due carabinieri e per i tentati omicidi consumati tra la fine del 1993 e l'inizio del 1994 nel capoluogo reggino, nell'ottica di adesione, da parte della 'ndrangheta, al progetto stragista continentale elaborato da cosa nostra.

In order to the importance of the port of Gioia Tauro (RC) in the Mediterranean chessboard, from the Report of the DCSA 2023 – data 2022, we read:

In this reconstruction of the operating scenario, the national port of Gioia Tauro plays an absolute central role, in which the 80, 35% of the seizures of cocaine carried out at the maritime frontier, with an incidence of 61, 73% on the national total.

In this complex scenario, the hegemon role of the Calabrian 'ndrangheta is strengthened, which continues to represent the most insidious and pervasive Italian mafia organization, characterized by a pronounced tendency to expansion both on a national and international scale and one of the most powerful and dangerous criminal organizations in the world.

Thanks to the presence of its members and operational brokers, established in the production sites and in the temporary storage areas of drugs, not only on the national territory, but also on the European level, it represents the most influential organization in the traffic of cocaine from South America.

The availability of large capitals of illicit origin and a strong management capacity of the different segments and traffic snodes allowed them, over time, to consolidate a significant role in international traffic, to which other criminal networks refer to the supply of drugs to be allocated to the consumer markets".

The DCSA Report also highlights the role played by North African countries in recent years, including Libya and the route to Gioia Tauro:

"In Libya, over the last 5 years, hundreds of seizures of narcotic substances, in particular hashish, cocaine, heroin, and especially synthetic and psychopharmaceutical drugs (in the specific case of the weave).

The vast majority of the drugs seized were destined to European ports and airports, in particular Italians, such as that of Gioia Tauro, considered by criminal groups dedicated to drug trafficking, the "entry door" towards Europe. "

The presence of local consortia in Canada has found further confirmation as a result of the operation "Canadian 'ndrangheta Connection", conducted the 18 luglio 2019, towards members of the 'MUIÀ-FIGLIOMENI, linked to the mafia clan COMMISSO of Siderno (RC), which has provided important elements of feedback about the structure and operation of this partnership in the North American country.

2. Matrix Matrix The universality of the 'ndranghetista' criminal strategy is then reproduced effectively, on any territorial projection, through the most refined illegal methodologies mainly used to reinvest illegally acquired capital.

It is the confirmation of its vocation to infiltrate increasingly higher business activities, indeed even at least once comparable to a long-term mafia deemed rough and strongly limited.

The strength of the 'ndrangheta lies, therefore, in the ability to combine the old and the new, as evidenced by the acts of violence and intimidation however perpetrated, although only as extrema ratio and certainly following the other strategies of conviction.

The ability to adapt the mafia clans to places and times (and therefore to socio-economic contexts different from that of origin), makes the 'ndrangheta competitive in markets outside the regional borders, where in illegal contexts it boasts "authority and reliability", moreover managing to expand in legal ones thanks to a dense collusive network.

At the same time, the organization manifests a high regenerative capacity of its own rows, periodically producing a new criminal generation capable of gathering the witness for a more advanced conception of mafia entrepreneurship.

The information-investigative evidence collected allows to profil, for the short-half period, a strategy of expansion of Calabrian crime, which while remaining protagonist of absolute importance of international drug trafficking, could further multiply its criminal interests, as already happened in the past, exploiting all a series of areas with a strong social impact, including the third sector, which result vital for the economy and administrative and financial management of the country, for example · the management procedures of the Structural Funds and the allocations of public funding, also through the acquisition of grants to subjects without real title; · industrial relaunch plans and programming negotiated for public purposes (area contracts and territorial pacts); · the joint action plans for the construction projects, also aimed at the tourist residence, the processes of requalification of the urban centers of Calabria and the industrial zones abandoned, including the reclamation and rehabilitation actions and the disposal of municipal and special solid waste; · capital in commercial companies, including the appeal to the financing procedures of the shareholders; · the agricultural sector and that connected to the food supply chain, strongly exposed to the risk of falsifications and sophistications; · the control of confiscated goods, also through possible attempts to introduce administrative management; · the competition procedures; · renewable energies (green-economy); · public and private health; · sports association and management of electronic devices from online entertainment and bets (c.d. gaming).

Continuing elements to the 'ndranghetiste families if not organic ones, it is believed that they can be fully able to enter with hidden capitals (as several times emerged from the investigations) in financial societies active in the national and international market to plan projects that require the use of funds of considerable consistency.

Thus, the 'ndrangheta is linked to the fact that in the North, but also in Central Italy, 'ndrangheta is trying to get more and more into the world of economics and finance.

activity carried out and results achieved from Investment Directorate Antimativaa

Half-yearly report TO PARLIAMENT Territories where the 'ndrangheta has been able to establish a reference also for the world of economy and enterprise, facilitating in fact a stale of the legal economy regarding the development of the economy of the mafia clans.

In fact, more and more frequent is the emergence, through the contrasting activity of Police Forces and Magistrate, of phenomena in which entrepreneurs, who had initially received "protection", were made by criminal dynamics.

The numerous reports of suspicious operations are the symptom of this transformation and the reflection of an operating mode that aims to recycle and reuse significant amounts of money in the most productive areas of the country.

These are the most economically flourishing areas in Italy, which therefore best meet the needs of money laundering and reinvestment from the mafia.

Moreover, in recent times the investigations have allowed to see how the flows of money deriving from the primary criminal activities, such as the traffic of narcotics, the extortion and the usury, are recycled and reused with increasing frequency in certain areas of central and northern Italy (Lombardy, Emilia Romagna, Veneto, Piemonte, Tuscany, etc.).

The ability to influence the institutions is no longer just a local problem, but it is a criticality that is now also addressed to Northern Italy, as demonstrated in recent years by the dissolution of several municipal councils6.

Dissolutions that in Calabria are made with high frequency and that give the measure of the vulnerability of the local institutions that, at the outcome of judicial investigations, often reveal the involvement of the elective organisms or however of management of the Ente, demonstrating their permeability to the criminal pressure.

For some time, the 'ndrangheta has proven to be able to intercept opportunities and take advantage of environmental issues to benefit from it, pursuing a logic of maximizing profits and orienting investments towards economic areas in strong financial suffering.

In the current phase of economic recovery, the attention threshold of the Institutions is particularly concentrated on the risk of accumulation by the 'ndrangheta (and not only) of public funds allocated for the improvement of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (Pnrr).

Particular attention is also worth the upcoming Olympic and Paralympic Games in Milan - Cortina of 2026 which, if on the one hand constitute a further opportunity of economic relaunch for the territory, on the other hand they certainly represent an attractive for criminal organizations, right on the Lombardy territory, where more extensive and worrying is the presence of traditional Italian mafias and where the 'ndrangheta has been present for years, through numerous "locals".

Further attraction for the 'ndrangheta consists of funds for the Jubilee 2025.

The large amounts of public money provided for the Holy Year make concrete the danger of infiltration of the Calabrese organized crime, whose presence in the area of the Capital and neighboring areas has been confirmed also by recent police operations that have unveiled the operation in Lazio of the mafia clans GALLICO, MOLÈ, PIROMALLI, MORABITO, ALVARO and Original ROMEO of the Province of Reggio Calabria and the MANCUSO, BONAVOTA of the Province of Vibo Valentia.

Over the years, judicial police and prevention police have demonstrated how in the territory of the Capital it was already present, beyond that "military", an entrepreneurial expression of the 'ndrangheta that has long invested its own

Under art 143 of D.Lgs. 267/2000.

2. Matrici Mafiose unlawful proceeds in the acquisition of commercial activities, mainly in the tourist-hotel and catering sectors.

Finally, we must not underestimate the direct interests of criminal organizations, first of all that of Calabrian origin, towards the work for the realization of the bridge of Messina.

activity carried out and results achieved from Investment Directorate Antimativaa

Half-yearly report TO PARLIAMENT

2. Matrix Matrix